《无中生有》出处、故事、英文翻译、注释

4.无中生有

wú zhōng shēng yǒu

【出处】《三十六计》第七计：诳^[1]也，非诳也，实其所诳也。少阴、太阴、太阳^[2]。《老子》第四十章：“天下万物生于有，有生于无。”

【成语故事】唐朝安史之乱年间，许多地方官员纷纷转而投靠安禄山。然而，有一位名叫张巡的将领却不肯投靠安禄山，他率领着两三千人固守雍丘城。于是，安禄山派将领令狐潮率领四万人马围攻雍丘城。眼下敌众我寡，而且张巡军队的箭支已经越来越少，就算加班加点地赶制也来不及了。没有箭支的话，张巡的军队很难抵挡敌军。这时，张巡想到了当年诸葛亮“草船借箭”的故事。于是，他立即命令军队去搜集秸草，扎成一千多个草人，将草人披上黑衣，趁夜晚到来时，用绳子慢慢把草人往城下吊。黑暗的夜幕下，令狐潮以为张巡要乘着晚上偷袭他们，赶忙命令军队朝他们射箭，结果，张巡轻而易举就获得了对方十万多支箭。第二天早上，令狐潮才知道自己中计了，既后悔又生气。第二天晚上，张巡又从城上往下吊草人，对方以为他们又想用这个办法来骗箭，根本不去理会张巡军队的行为。张巡见敌人已经被麻痹，迅速吊下五百名勇士，敌军还是没有在意。在夜幕的掩护下，这五百名勇士迅速潜入敌营，打得令狐潮措手不及。张巡乘这个机会，率领军队冲出城来，杀得令狐潮狼狈而逃。

【寓意】该成语原意是指自然界的物质本身已经存在，但人们往往视而不见，一旦发现，就知道和接受其存在的事实。后常常用来喻指用虚假的东西来欺骗对手，使对手产生判断失误和行为错误。后也用来指将没有的东西说成有，在毫无根据的基础上凭空捏造事实。

无中生有
To Make It Believed True

4.To Make It Believed True

【Idiomatic Story】 During the AN Lu-shan^[3]Rebellion War period in the Tang Dynasty，many local officials betrayed the royal government to seek shelter from AN Lu-shan.However，there was a general named ZHANG Xun who was unwilling to follow them to go over to AN Lu-shan.At that time，ZHANG Xun held on to the city of Yongqiu for the royal government with about three thousand soldiers.AN Lu-shan sent his General LING-HU Chao to attack Yongqiu city with 40，000 soldiers.Obviously，ZHANG Xun had an absolute disadvantage in terms of relative military strength.What's more，the arrows as the defensive weapons were almost run out.They could not produce enough arrows to meet the needs at a very short time.But they could not resist the enemy if they hadn't enough arrows.At this time，a familiar story came to ZHANG Xun about ZHU-GE Liang who successfully borrowed arrows with the thatched men placed on the both sides of the warships in the Three Kingdoms period.Therefore，ZHANG Xun immediately ordered his soldiers to collect straws and made them into about 1，000 thatched men.Then those thatched men were dressed with black coats.ZHANG Xun ordered his men to lower down those dressed thatched men with ropes from the city wall in the dark night.When LING-HU Chao got the news，he took it as the sneak attack of ZHANG Xun's troops，so he ordered his sddiers to shoot arrows at once.In this way，ZHANG Xun had got about 100，000 arrows easily.LING-HU Chao felt annoyed when he found it was a trick the next morning.

ZHANG Xun again ordered his men to lower down those dressed thatched men from the city wall in the following dark night.The enemy began to ignore the action because they believed it was a trick again.ZHANG Xun found the enemy was off their guard，so he decided to lower down 500 brave soldiers secretly so that they could go into the enemy's camps quietly in the dark night.Under the sudden attack，LING-HU Chao and his troops were in panic.ZHANG Xun seized the opportunity to lead his men launching a powerful attack.LING-HU Chao suffered a defeat and fled with his men in confusion.

【Implied Meaning】It originally means that people often believe the invisible matter is non-exist，or believe the matters do not exist because they can not see them.If it is said to be existing，they will believe it does exist.It is often used to refer to those deceiving actions for the enemy or opponent with false things to lead them to wrong judgment and actions.Now it also means to create groundless rumors to make it believed true.

【注释】

[1]诳：诳骗，欺诈。

[2]阴：假象。阳：真象。少阴，太阴，太阳：用大大小小的假象来掩护真象。

[3]AN Lu-shan：one of the founders of setting up a separatist regime by force of arms and became an influential military governor in Tang Dynasty.